Which Limassol development opened in 2014 on the old town seafront, right beside the medieval castle, with 650 berths and island villas that have their own private berths?

1. Trilogy Limassol Seafront
2. Limassol Marina
3. City of Dreams Mediterranean
4. Neocleous Tower

A Dubai investor asks how big Limassol's tower boom really was. Between 2020 and 2023, roughly how many high-rise towers were completed or under way on the coastal strip?

1. About 5
2. About 10
3. More than 30
4. More than 150

Which area was Limassol district's top location by sales value in January to October 2025, with about EUR 351.5 million of sales at an average of roughly EUR 584,000?

1. Mesa Geitonia
2. Limassol old town
3. Ypsonas
4. Germasogeia

In the first half of 2026, which hotspot had the highest median resale apartment price of Cyprus's main hotspots, at about EUR 3,382 per sqm?

1. Agios Tychonas
2. Paphos town
3. Larnaca city
4. Strovolos

A young Limassol family with a first-time-buyer budget wants a modern apartment or townhouse a few minutes from the city centre, away from seafront prices. Which area fits best?

1. Agios Tychonas
2. Limassol Marina
3. Mesa Geitonia
4. The seafront tower belt

A buyer wants a traditional house in Limassol's old town and plans to strip it and rebuild it in a fully modern style. What should you flag before the viewing?

1. Old town homes cannot be bought by foreigners
2. Renovation or modernisation of historic buildings may be restricted, so planning limits must be checked first
3. Old town homes are always sold with separate title deeds, so no checks are needed
4. The old town is outside the Land Registry's area

A history-loving retired couple want to walk to a UNESCO-listed archaeological park with Roman mosaics, a harbour castle and a seafront promenade. Which Paphos area do you show first?

1. Peyia
2. Tsada
3. Kouklia
4. Kato Paphos

A British family want a wide, sandy, Blue Flag beach with shallow, calm water, about 20 minutes north of Paphos harbour, with the hillside village of Peyia behind it. Which beach is it?

1. Coral Bay
2. Mackenzie
3. Finikoudes
4. Dasoudi

In the first half of 2026, Peyia was Paphos district's busiest new-house market. What was the median price of its 51 new-house sales?

1. About EUR 290,000
2. About EUR 450,000
3. About EUR 790,000
4. About EUR 1.5 million

Which Paphos golf resort, opened in 2002 on a plateau above the Rock of Aphrodite, combines an 18-hole course with a five-star hotel and private-pool rental villas?

1. Minthis
2. Aphrodite Hills
3. Elea Estate
4. Secret Valley

A client wants a coastal village with banana plantations and village bakeries, about 10 minutes from both Paphos town and Coral Bay. Which two villages match?

1. Kouklia and Tsada
2. Polis and Latchi
3. Emba and Tala
4. Chloraka and Kissonerga

Which Larnaca beach runs for about a kilometre beside the old airport, with low-flying aircraft on final approach and a lively bar and club scene at night?

1. Finikoudes
2. Mackenzie
3. Yianades
4. Coral Bay

On 3 July 2026 the ports authority presented a plan for Larnaca's port and marina. Which statement is correct?

1. It is a EUR 415 million programme, coming after the government ended its concession with Kition Ocean Holdings in 2024
2. It is a EUR 1.2 billion casino resort already under construction
3. The marina was fully delivered in 2025 by a private concessionaire
4. It covers only a new cruise terminal, with no marina works

In the first half of 2026, which Larnaca area had the district's highest median for new houses, about EUR 501,450?

1. Aradippou
2. Livadia
3. Oroklini (Voroklini)
4. Kiti

Which three Larnaca locations led the district's off-plan sales in the first half of 2026?

1. Mazotos, Zygi and Kiti
2. Pervolia, Meneou and Dromolaxia
3. Oroklini, Pyla and Xylofagou
4. Aradippou, Larnaca city and Livadia

A diplomat posted to Nicosia wants to live in the suburb nicknamed the 'Embassy Municipality', near the University of Nicosia and a shopping mall. Which area is it?

1. Engomi
2. Lakatamia
3. Latsia
4. Geri

Which suburb, the largest residential area of Nicosia and close to the Mall of Cyprus, was the capital's main off-plan apartment market in the first half of 2026?

1. Aglantzia
2. Strovolos
3. Dali
4. Agios Dometios

A Cypriot couple want an affordable new house in a Nicosia family suburb. In the first half of 2026, which areas were the busiest new-house markets, when 58.6% of new houses in the district sold for under EUR 300,000?

1. Engomi and the walled city
2. Aglantzia and Strovolos
3. Lakatamia and Geri
4. Makarios Avenue and the centre

A client shows you a cheap seafront villa in Kyrenia, in the north of the island. How do you describe that market?

1. It is a separate, high-risk market under Turkish Cypriot administration, where titles are often disputed and dealing in Greek Cypriot-owned land is a criminal offence in the Republic
2. It is the same market as Limassol, just cheaper
3. It is fine as long as the buyer uses an EU passport
4. It is covered by the Republic's Land Registry after 2024

In July and August 2026, the median asking price for apartments in Limassol was about EUR 4,600 per sqm. At that median, what is the asking price of a 100 sqm apartment, in EUR?

In Q2 2026, in which district did buyers from abroad sign about two-thirds of the sales contracts?

1. Nicosia
2. Limassol
3. Larnaca
4. Paphos

Interior Ministry data reported in October 2025 showed which two nationalities far ahead of Britons among recent foreign purchases in Larnaca?

1. Russians and Ukrainians
2. Israelis and Lebanese
3. Greeks and Romanians
4. Germans and Swedes

A British couple living in Manchester want to buy a holiday flat in Paphos. Since Brexit, what do they need?

1. Nothing, they buy like any EU citizen
2. A golden visa first
3. A purchase permit under Cap. 109, filed on form COMM 145 with the Paphos District Administration
4. Approval from the Real Estate Agents Registration Council

A Greek buyer from Athens asks if he needs a permit to buy an apartment in Nicosia. What is the answer?

1. No, EU and EEA citizens buy on the same terms as Cypriots
2. Yes, every foreigner needs form COMM 145
3. Yes, but only above EUR 300,000
4. Only if he does not live in Cyprus

An Israeli couple want to buy two apartments in Larnaca now and a third next year as rental investments. What should you tell them?

1. There is no limit for non-EU buyers
2. Each spouse can buy three units separately
3. They must buy through a Cyprus company to buy more
4. Ministry policy normally allows up to two units per non-EU buyer, and a couple counts as one buyer, so a third unit is unlikely to be approved

An Israeli client asks: 'Can I sign the contract before my COMM 145 permit is granted?' What is accurate?

1. No, signing without a permit is illegal
2. Yes, he can sign and lodge the contract, but the title cannot be registered in his name until the permit is granted
3. Yes, and the title transfers immediately
4. Only if he pays the full price in cash

A Lebanese investor suggests buying four flats through a new Cyprus company he owns, 'so the foreigner limit does not apply'. What do you answer?

1. Good idea, companies are always treated as Cypriot
2. It works if a Cypriot is named as director
3. A Cyprus company controlled by non-EU persons is caught by the same Cap. 109 rules, so the limit still applies
4. Companies need no permit but pay double transfer fees

A Russian-speaking client asks how much he must invest in property for Cyprus permanent residence under Regulation 6(2). What is the rule since May 2023?

1. At least EUR 300,000 plus VAT in new homes bought from a developer, paid upfront with funds from abroad
2. EUR 500,000 in any resale property
3. EUR 2 million, which also gives citizenship
4. EUR 150,000 in a rental property

A Ukrainian couple with two children apply for Regulation 6(2) permanent residence. What minimum secure annual income must they show, in EUR?

A Ukrainian client has just received investor permanent residence and wants to take a job at a Limassol tech company. What should you tell him?

1. The permit lets him work anywhere in Cyprus
2. He can work only for the developer he bought from
3. He can work after one year
4. Holders of the investor permanent residence permit may not work in Cyprus, so he needs separate advice on a work permit route

A client says a friend 'got a Cyprus passport by buying a villa'. Can he do the same in 2026?

1. Yes, with EUR 2 million in property
2. No, the citizenship-by-investment programme was scrapped in November 2020, and Parliament repealed the cabinet's power to grant investor citizenship in December 2025
3. Yes, through Regulation 6(2)
4. Only if he also donates to a charity

Your buyer is about to sign an off-plan contract in Limassol. Since December 2023, which Land Registry document must accompany every sale contract?

1. A title deed in the buyer's name
2. A building permit copy
3. A search certificate no more than five working days old, showing mortgages or charges on the plot
4. A valuation report from the bank

A British buyer has signed his sale contract. What should his lawyer do next to protect him against the seller selling or mortgaging the unit to someone else?

1. Lodge the contract with the Land Registry within six months of signature, for a EUR 50 fee
2. Send it to the District Administration
3. Nothing until the title deed is issued
4. Register it with the Real Estate Agents Council

A buyer loves a 2012 resale apartment in Paphos, but it still has no separate title deed. What usually has to happen before separate deeds can be issued?

1. The buyer simply applies with his passport
2. The agent files a request with the Council
3. The seller pays capital gains tax first
4. The building authority issues a certificate of approval, every bank with a mortgage on the land consents, and the developer files a complete division file

A new client wants to pay EUR 900,000 for a villa, refuses to explain where the money comes from and asks you to 'keep it simple'. What must you do?

1. Go ahead, source of funds is the bank's job
2. Tell him you will report him unless he explains
3. Apply enhanced checks; if the suspicion remains, report it to MOKAS without telling the client
4. Ask the seller to accept a cash discount

A corporate buyer registered abroad wants to buy an office. Under Cyprus AML rules, whom must you identify and verify, and who supervises agents today?

1. Only the director who signs; MOKAS supervises
2. The company, its representatives and its beneficial owners; the Real Estate Agents Registration Council supervises for now, with a draft law proposing the Tax Department
3. Only the company's registration certificate; the Central Bank supervises
4. Nobody, if the funds come from an EU bank

A young couple will live in a new 150 sqm apartment priced at EUR 420,000 (planning application after October 2023). Can they claim the reduced 5% VAT for a permanent home?

1. No, the home must be under 100 sqm
2. Yes, at 5% on the first 130 sqm and first EUR 350,000, because the home is under 190 sqm and the total price is under EUR 475,000
3. Yes, at 5% on the full price
4. No, only Cypriot citizens qualify

A buyer who got the 5% VAT rate on his new home tells you he plans to sell it after four years. What should you warn him about?

1. Nothing, the relief is final once granted
2. He will pay double transfer fees
3. He loses his residence permit
4. If the home is sold or let within ten years, part of the VAT saving must be repaid

A Dutch client asks why you do not show homes in Famagusta town or Kyrenia. What is the most professional answer?

1. 'Those areas are dangerous, everyone gets scammed there'
2. 'I am not allowed to talk about politics'
3. 'We work only in the areas controlled by the Republic. Property in the north is a separate, high-risk market where titles are often disputed and dealing in Greek Cypriot-owned land is an offence under Republic law, so I always advise independent legal advice there'
4. 'They are just too far from the airport'

You introduced a buyer to a seller but never agreed a fee in writing. The sale completes. What does the Real Estate Agents Law say?

1. You get nothing without a written agreement
2. Where no fee was agreed, the commission is 3% of the transaction value, payable on completion, provided you are registered and licensed
3. The fee is fixed at 1% plus VAT
4. The buyer and seller decide after completion

A British buyer says: 'Prices in Cyprus have gone up so much, I will wait a year.' What is the best first response?

1. 'Prices will double next year, buy now'
2. 'Fine, call me when you are ready'
3. 'Waiting is always a mistake'
4. Acknowledge the concern, ask what he wants the property for and his timeline, then share recent official price data and let him decide

A Lebanese investor asks you to 'guarantee 8% net' on a Limassol apartment. What do you answer?

1. Never guarantee returns; explain that the RICS and KPMG index showed gross apartment yields of about 5.51% in Q2 2026, and build a realistic net estimate together
2. 'Yes, 8% is normal in Limassol'
3. 'I can guarantee it if he signs today'
4. 'Yields do not exist in Cyprus'

In the first nine months of 2026 (January to September), about how many property sales contracts were lodged with the Department of Lands and Surveys (DLS) in Cyprus?

1. About 6,300
2. About 9,500
3. About 15,000
4. About 25,000

From January to September 2026, buyers from abroad signed 6,267 of the 14,969 sales contracts lodged in Cyprus (DLS data). What share of contracts did foreign buyers sign (in %, one decimal)?

According to the RICS and KPMG Cyprus Property Index for Q2 2026, what indicative gross rental yields did apartments and houses offer?

1. Apartments about 5.5%, houses about 3.0%
2. Apartments about 3.0%, houses about 5.5%
3. Both about 7%
4. Apartments about 8%, houses about 6%

Which district lodged the most property sales contracts in Cyprus in the first nine months of 2026?

1. Nicosia
2. Larnaca
3. Paphos
4. Limassol

In January to September 2026, which district completed the largest NUMBER of property transfers, even though another district had a far higher total value?

1. Nicosia
2. Limassol
3. Paphos
4. Famagusta

According to the Central Bank of Cyprus residential property price index, by how much did Cyprus home prices rise in the year to Q2 2026?

1. 2.4%
2. 5.8%
3. 8.5%
4. 12.1%

In the Central Bank of Cyprus index for the year to Q2 2026, which district recorded the SLOWEST price growth?

1. Limassol (7.8%)
2. Nicosia (5.7%)
3. Paphos (9.6%)
4. Larnaca (9.8%)

CYSTAT's house price index, built from Land Registry data, gives a second official view of prices. What did it show for Q2 2026?

1. +7.9% on the year and +2.4% on the quarter
2. +8.5% on the year and +1.6% on the quarter
3. +3.4% on the year and no change on the quarter
4. -1.8% on the quarter after a weak spring

In July and August 2026, which district had the highest median ASKING price for apartments in Cyprus, at about EUR 4,600 per sqm (AXIA Valuers)?

1. Paphos
2. Larnaca
3. Nicosia
4. Limassol

In July and August 2026, in which district was the median asking price per sqm for HOUSES higher than for apartments (AXIA Valuers)?

1. Limassol
2. Paphos
3. Nicosia
4. Larnaca

In Limassol, the median asking price for apartments was about EUR 4,600 per sqm in July and August 2026 (AXIA Valuers), while completed resales had a median of EUR 2,686 per sqm in the first half of 2026 (Landbank Analytics). By how much (in %, rounded) was the asking median above the resale median?

In Q2 2026, which district had the highest share of sales contracts signed by buyers from abroad, at about 66% (Central Bank data)?

1. Larnaca
2. Limassol
3. Paphos
4. Nicosia

DLS figures given to Parliament in August 2025 show which nationality as by far the largest group of foreign buyers in Paphos?

1. British
2. Russians
3. Israelis
4. Germans

Interior Ministry data reported in October 2025 showed which two nationalities far ahead of Britons among recent foreign purchases in Larnaca?

1. Russians and Ukrainians
2. Germans and Greeks
3. Israelis and Lebanese
4. Chinese and Indians

Since the May 2023 rules, what is the minimum residential investment for Cyprus permanent residence under Regulation 6(2) for a non-EU investor?

1. EUR 300,000 including VAT, new or resale
2. EUR 300,000 plus VAT, in new homes bought from a developer
3. EUR 500,000 in any property
4. EUR 2 million, which also gives citizenship

A non-EU couple with two children under 18 applies for Cyprus permanent residence through a EUR 300,000 property investment. Under the 2023 rules (EUR 50,000 for the applicant, plus EUR 15,000 for a spouse and EUR 10,000 per child), what minimum secure annual income must they show (in EUR)?

A client asks in October 2026 whether the Cyprus investor permanent residence scheme is about to change. What is the accurate answer?

1. It was abolished in June 2026 when Cyprus joined Schengen
2. The minimum rose to EUR 500,000 on 1 January 2026
3. It is open, but in September 2026 the government said it will be tightened before Schengen entry and is reviewing about 12,000 permits; no new rules are published yet
4. Nothing is planned and holders may now work in Cyprus

A buyer from the Gulf asks whether buying a villa in Cyprus can still lead to a Cypriot passport. What should you tell him?

1. Yes, with an investment of EUR 2 million
2. Yes, after holding permanent residence for two years
3. Only if the villa is bought off plan
4. No: citizenship by investment ended in November 2020, and Parliament removed the cabinet's power to grant it to investors in December 2025

A British buyer signs a contract for a home in Paphos. What does she need under the Aliens Law, Cap. 109, and when?

1. Nothing: British buyers are treated as EU citizens
2. A permit on form COMM 145 from the District Administration; she can sign and lodge the contract first, but the title cannot pass to her until the permit is granted
3. A permit from the Central Bank before signing any contract
4. A residence permit before she may sign

An investor wants to let his Larnaca flat to tourists on Airbnb. What must happen before he can advertise it?

1. Nothing, if he lets it for under 90 nights a year
2. He only needs to tell the municipality
3. It must be registered with the Deputy Ministry of Tourism, and the registration number must appear on every listing
4. He needs a Central Bank licence

Example figures: a buyer purchases a resale studio in Larnaca (no VAT on the sale) for EUR 80,000 in 2026. Land Registry transfer fees are 3% up to EUR 85,000, 5% from EUR 85,001 to EUR 170,000 and 8% above, halved for sales not subject to VAT. What transfer fee does the buyer pay (in EUR)?

Example figures: a resale apartment in Nicosia (no VAT) sells for EUR 150,000 to a single buyer in 2026. Using the halved transfer fee bands (1.5% up to EUR 85,000, 2.5% from EUR 85,001 to EUR 170,000, 4% above), what is the transfer fee (in EUR)?

Example figures: a single buyer purchases a resale house in Larnaca (no VAT) for EUR 250,000 in 2026. What Land Registry transfer fee is due after the 50% reduction (in EUR)?

Example figures: a single buyer purchases a resale villa in Limassol (no VAT) for EUR 600,000 in 2026. What transfer fee does the buyer pay at the Land Registry (in EUR)?

Example figures: a resale apartment in Paphos (no VAT) sells for EUR 400,000. How much does the 50% reduction save the buyer compared with the full 3%, 5% and 8% bands (in EUR)?

A buyer purchases a new apartment from a developer in Limassol and pays VAT on the price. What Land Registry transfer fee does she pay?

1. The full 3%, 5% and 8% bands
2. Half of the bands (1.5%, 2.5%, 4%)
3. A flat 1% of the price
4. None: a property on which VAT was paid is exempt from transfer fees

Example figures: a single buyer purchases a resale house for EUR 300,000 (no VAT). What is the effective transfer fee rate on the whole price (in %, two decimals)?

Example figures: a Cypriot resident buys a new 110 sqm apartment from a developer for EUR 280,000 as her main home and qualifies for the reduced 5% VAT rate. How much VAT does she pay (in EUR)?

Example figures: a 125 sqm new apartment costs EUR 320,000 before VAT. How much VAT does the buyer save if it qualifies as her main home at 5% instead of the standard 19% (in EUR)?

Under Law 42(I)/2023, the 5% VAT rate covers the first 130 sqm and the first EUR 350,000, only if the home is no larger than 190 sqm and the total price does not exceed EUR 475,000. Which new main home gets NO reduced rate at all?

1. A 120 sqm flat at EUR 330,000
2. A 185 sqm house at EUR 470,000
3. A 195 sqm house at EUR 440,000
4. A 125 sqm flat at EUR 345,000

Example figures: an investor buys a new 260 sqm villa in Paphos from a developer for EUR 650,000. It does not qualify for the reduced rate. How much VAT is due at the standard rate (in EUR)?

A buyer signs a sale contract for a EUR 500,000 home in Limassol in February 2026. How much stamp duty is due on the contract?

1. EUR 20,000, the old maximum
2. Nothing: stamp duty was abolished from 1 January 2026
3. EUR 1,000 (0.2%)
4. EUR 750 (0.15%)

Example figures: an individual sells a Limassol flat that was never his main home for EUR 380,000 in 2026. He bought it for EUR 200,000 and the inflation factor is 1.30. He has never used his capital gains allowance. Ignoring other costs, how much capital gains tax (20%) does he pay (in EUR)?

A seller has lived in her Nicosia house as her main residence for eight years and has an indexed gain of EUR 140,000. She has never used any allowance. What capital gains tax does she owe after the 2026 reform?

1. EUR 28,000
2. EUR 22,000
3. EUR 10,914, using the old EUR 85,430 allowance
4. Nothing: the EUR 150,000 main residence allowance covers the gain

Example figures: a couple's main residence for 12 years in Limassol (owned by one spouse) shows an indexed gain of EUR 190,000 on sale in 2026. The owner has never used any allowance. Ignoring other costs, what capital gains tax is due (in EUR)?

Example figures: a seller agrees a 4% commission plus 19% VAT on the sale of her Paphos villa for EUR 500,000. How much does she pay the agency in total (in EUR)?

A licensed agent sells a house for EUR 350,000, but no fee was ever agreed with the seller. What does the Real Estate Agents Law 71(I)/2010 provide?

1. The commission is 3% of the transaction value, payable on completion
2. The agent is entitled to nothing without a written contract
3. The commission is 5% of the price
4. A flat fee set by the Land Registry

Example figures: a Limassol apartment sells for EUR 800,000 with a 5% commission (plus VAT) paid by the seller. The listing agency and the buyer's agency split the net fee 50/50, and the listing agency pays its assistant 40% of its share. How much does the assistant earn before tax (in EUR)?

Example figures: an investor buys a Larnaca apartment for EUR 250,000 and lets it long term for EUR 1,150 a month. What is the gross rental yield (in %, two decimals)?

Example figures: the same Larnaca resale apartment costs EUR 250,000 plus EUR 6,600 transfer fee and EUR 3,570 legal fees. Rent is EUR 13,800 a year; costs are 10% management (EUR 1,380), EUR 1,200 common charges, EUR 200 local authority charges and EUR 300 insurance. What is the net yield on the total amount invested (in %, two decimals)?

In July and August 2026, Limassol apartments had a median asking rent of EUR 22.50 per sqm a month and a median asking price of about EUR 4,600 per sqm (AXIA Valuers). What gross yield do these medians imply (in %, one decimal)?

Example figures: a resident buys a new 120 sqm apartment for EUR 300,000 as her main home in 2026 and qualifies for 5% VAT. Her lawyer charges 1% of the price plus 19% VAT. With no transfer fee and no stamp duty, what are her total VAT and legal costs (in EUR)?

Your buyer has signed an off-plan sale contract in Limassol. Within what deadline should the contract be lodged at the Land Registry?

1. Six months from signature
2. Two months from signature
3. Before the building is finished
4. Within 30 days of the final payment

What does lodging the sale contract at the Land Registry give the buyer?

1. Immediate title deeds in the buyer's name
2. A refund of VAT
3. Exemption from transfer fees
4. A registered interest that stops the seller selling or mortgaging the unit to someone else

Which law lets a buyer sue for transfer of title once the sale contract has been lodged?

1. Law 71(I)/2010
2. The Sale of Land (Specific Performance) Law 81(I)/2011
3. Cap. 96, the Streets and Buildings Regulation Law
4. Cap. 109, the Aliens Law

What is the Land Registry filing fee to lodge a sale contract (October 2026)?

1. EUR 500
2. 1% of the price
3. EUR 50
4. Nothing, it is free

Since December 2023, what document must accompany every sale contract?

1. A Land Registry search certificate no more than five working days old
2. A bank valuation report
3. The building's certificate of final approval
4. A tax clearance from the buyer

Why is the Land Registry search certificate so important in an off-plan sale?

1. It proves the buyer's funds are clean
2. It sets the transfer fee
3. It replaces the building permit
4. It shows any mortgages or charges on the plot, such as a developer's bank loan

Your client asks if the developer must give a bank guarantee for her deposit and instalments. What is the correct answer in Cyprus?

1. Yes, by law for every off-plan sale
2. No, it is not compulsory, so her lawyer should negotiate one
3. Only for sales above EUR 500,000
4. Only if the buyer is non-EU

Off-plan units in Cyprus are typically sold with what kind of payment plan?

1. Full price at signature
2. Full price at handover
3. Staged payments tied to construction progress
4. Monthly rent until the title is issued

A developer has a planning permit but no building permit yet for a Larnaca project. What should a careful agent tell buyers?

1. Construction can legally start, the planning permit is enough
2. The project is illegal and cannot be marketed
3. The certificate of final approval comes first
4. Selling on a planning permit is common, but a building permit already issued is the safer position

Which document must the building authority grant for a finished building before separate title deeds can be issued?

1. The certificate of approval (final approval) under Cap. 96
2. The planning permit
3. The search certificate
4. The Cap. 109 permit

Once the developer files a complete division file with all approvals and bank consents, how long does the Land Registry aim to take to issue deeds?

1. About two years
2. About three months
3. About two weeks
4. About one year

What are 'trapped buyers' in Cyprus?

1. Buyers stuck in a mortgage with a variable rate
2. Non-EU buyers waiting for a Cap. 109 permit
3. Buyers who paid in full but cannot get title deeds, often due to the developer's mortgage or planning issues
4. Buyers who missed the VAT deadline

What did Law 110(I)/2025 do for trapped buyers?

1. It reopened 9,497 frozen applications for contracts lodged by 31 December 2014
2. It cancelled all developers' mortgages
3. It issued deeds to every buyer in Cyprus
4. It made bank guarantees compulsory

What is the standard VAT rate on a new home bought from a developer in Cyprus?

1. 5%
2. 9%
3. 0%
4. 19%

Under Law 42(I)/2023, which home can qualify for the reduced 5% VAT rate (new rules)?

1. An investor's second home of 150 sqm for EUR 400,000
2. A family's permanent home of 170 sqm for EUR 450,000
3. A permanent home of 200 sqm for EUR 340,000
4. A holiday flat of 80 sqm for EUR 200,000

A buyer purchases a new 110 sqm apartment for EUR 300,000 as her permanent home, and it fully qualifies for 5% VAT. How much VAT does she save compared with the 19% standard rate, in EUR?

Your buyer bought a new apartment and paid VAT on it. What Land Registry transfer fee is due on transfer?

1. Half the normal scale
2. 3% flat
3. None, no transfer fee is due when VAT was paid
4. 8% on the full value

A buyer purchases a resale apartment, not subject to VAT, at EUR 600,000. Using the halved bands (1.5% to 85,000, 2.5% from 85,001 to 170,000, 4% above), what is the transfer fee, in EUR?

A resale townhouse sells for EUR 150,000 with no VAT. Using the halved bands (1.5% up to 85,000, then 2.5% up to 170,000), what is the transfer fee, in EUR?

A buyer remembers paying stamp duty on a contract in 2024. What applies to a contract signed in 2026?

1. Stamp duty was abolished from 1 January 2026
2. Stamp duty rose to 0.5% with no cap
3. Stamp duty now applies only to off-plan sales
4. Stamp duty is still 0.2%, capped at EUR 20,000

Which law regulates real estate agents in the Republic of Cyprus?

1. The Sale of Land (Specific Performance) Law 81(I)/2011
2. The Real Estate Agents Law 71(I)/2010, as amended
3. The Immovable Property (Aliens) Law, Cap. 109
4. The AML Law 188(I)/2007

Which body keeps the register of real estate agents and issues their annual licences in Cyprus?

1. The Department of Lands and Surveys
2. The Cyprus Chamber of Commerce
3. The Real Estate Agents Registration Council
4. The District Administration of each town

To work legally as a real estate agent in Cyprus, what must you hold?

1. Entry in the Council's register and a valid annual licence
2. Only a company registered with the Registrar of Companies
3. Only membership of an agents' association
4. A Land Registry access account

Your registration with the Council was approved in 2024. Until when is your current annual licence valid?

1. Twelve months from the date it was issued
2. Until 31 December of the year it covers
3. Five years, like the registration
4. For life, as long as you pay the fee

Which of these people can register as a real estate agent in Cyprus, assuming they meet the education and character rules?

1. A Russian national with permanent residence in Limassol
2. A British citizen living in Paphos since 2015
3. A Portuguese citizen living in Larnaca
4. An Indian national holding a Cyprus work permit

An Egyptian national is married to a Cypriot citizen who lives in Nicosia. Can she register as an agent if she meets the other conditions?

1. No, only EU citizens can ever register
2. Only after ten years of residence
3. Only as an assistant, never as an agent
4. Yes, the spouse of a Cypriot citizen habitually resident in Cyprus is eligible

An EU citizen has a three-year degree in a relevant subject. What else does she need, on the education side, before she can register as an agent?

1. 12 months' practice in Cyprus as a registered assistant agent
2. Five years of sales experience anywhere in the EU
3. A Cypriot secondary school diploma
4. Nothing, the degree is enough

Which alternative to 'degree plus 12 months as an assistant' does the law accept for registration as an agent?

1. A two-year diploma in marketing
2. A relevant master's degree of at least one year
3. Three years as a developer's salesperson
4. A certificate from a private sales academy

What does the written exam set by the Council for new agents cover?

1. Negotiation and sales techniques
2. English language skills
3. Cypriot property law and town planning law
4. Mortgage maths only

What professional indemnity cover must an agent show to renew the annual licence?

1. EUR 50,000
2. EUR 100,000
3. EUR 500,000
4. EUR 200,000

An EU citizen applies to the Council as an individual agent. Add the application fee, the registration certificate fee and the first annual licence fee (October 2026 rates). What is the total, in EUR?

How much is the application fee for registering a real estate company with the Council (October 2026)?

1. EUR 200
2. EUR 100
3. EUR 350
4. EUR 250

What is the maximum criminal penalty for acting as a real estate agent without registration and licence in Cyprus?

1. A fine of up to EUR 500
2. Up to 12 months in prison, a fine of up to EUR 3,500, or both
3. Up to five years in prison
4. A written warning only

A seller and an agent never agreed on a fee. The agent introduces the buyer and the sale completes at EUR 420,000. What commission does the law set, in EUR (before VAT)?

A buyer signed a fee agreement with a man who is not registered with the Council. After the sale he sues for his fee. What happens?

1. He wins if the agreement was in writing
2. He gets half the fee
3. The agreement is invalid, so the fee cannot be enforced
4. He wins if he had a company registered in Cyprus

You sell a villa in Paphos for EUR 500,000 at a 4% commission. VAT on the fee is 19%. How much does the seller pay you in total, fee plus VAT, in EUR?

What was the usual agency commission in Cyprus in August 2026, and who normally paid it?

1. 1% to 2%, paid by the buyer
2. 2%, split between buyer and seller
3. 3% to 5% plus 19% VAT, normally paid by the seller
4. 6% including VAT, paid by the buyer

A resale completes at a declared value of EUR 350,000. The agent must pay the Council a levy of 2/10,000 of the declared value within 30 days. How much is the levy, in EUR?

Under Cypriot AML law, what must you do if a buyer's source of funds looks suspicious?

1. Report it to MOKAS, the financial intelligence unit, without telling the client
2. Ask the client to explain, then decide together
3. Tell the seller's lawyer and let them decide
4. Nothing, AML is the bank's job

Who supervises Cypriot estate agents' AML compliance today, and what change was proposed in early 2026?

1. The Central Bank, moving to the Council
2. The Land Registry, moving to MOKAS
3. CySEC, moving to the Bar Association
4. The Council, with a draft to move supervision of the whole real estate sector to the Tax Department

A talented Indian salesman with a valid work permit joins a Limassol agency. What role can he legally hold?

1. Licensed agent, once he passes the exam
2. Support roles only, such as marketing, administration or client services
3. Registered assistant agent
4. Any role, if the agency director signs for him

An agency wants to hire a non-EU marketing manager. Which body issues the work permit?

1. The Real Estate Agents Registration Council
2. The Department of Lands and Surveys
3. The Civil Registry and Migration Department
4. The Tax Department